13 results
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... , vomiting • Late ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD ... #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #peds
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... proliferation rate ... TLS #diagnosis #management ... #hematology
Bullous Pemphigoid - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Pathophysiology: Autoantibody-mediated damage to epithelial basement membrane -> separation of
Diagnosis and Management ... Summary Pathophysiology ... dermis Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms/Exam findings ... #dermatology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
with exertion, difficulty ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs ... decreased respiratory rate
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... and Symptoms: ... • Jaundice (later ... diagnosis #workup #hepatology
Childhood Immunization Schedule: Why we immunize
 • Diphtheria Toxin -> URT inflammation causes pseudomembrane with hardened
& seizures are late ... hemorrhagic rash; symptoms ... bacteremia are late ... #Immunization #peds ... #pediatrics #pathophysiology
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... /Symptoms: - Lightheadedness ... Decreased pulse rate ... - Athlete - difficulty
Giant cell arteritis (GCA)

Giant cell arteritis (GCA) definition: Most common systemic inflammatory vasculitis in older adults
systemic sx + signs ... absence of visual symptoms ... GCA #Temporal #Signs ... #Symptoms #Diagnosis ... #Management
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... features developing later ... fasciculations Common Symptoms ... neurology #diagnosis #management
Aortoenteric Fistula - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
• Uncommon but life-threatening
• Most common site of bowel connection
Diagnosis and Management ... duodenum Clinical Signs ... /Symptoms: • Classic ... that precedes a later ... Pathophysiology: