14 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Risk factor for Late ... chromosome 21) Signs ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Romberg's Test for Proprioception
History: First described in the 19th century in patients with tabes dorsalis (later
tabes dorsalis (later ... test (Romberg's sign ... standing can be difficult ... proprioception #physicalexam
Brudzinski’s Sign in Meningitis (first described in 19th century by Dr. Josef Brudzinski)

Brudzinski's sign is characterized
Brudzinski’s Sign ... Brudzinski's sign ... While the pathophysiology ... Clinical #Video #PhysicalExam ... #Pediatrics #Peds
21-Hydroxylase Deficiency (21-OHD): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Autosomal recessive mutation in CYP21A2 coding for the enzyme 21-OHase
Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... , vomiting • Late ... #21HydroxylaseDeficiency #21OHD #pathophysiology ... endocrinology #peds #pediatrics
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
Heat Stroke - Differential ... Collapse: • Pathophysiology ... → Syncope • Signs ... Decreased pulse rate ... - Athlete - difficulty
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Edema (NCPE) - Differential ... with exertion, difficulty ... • Signs/Symptoms ... decreased respiratory rate ... edema #causes #differential
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
Cannon A per minute=rate ... excludes other differentials ... ’s called Frog sign ... Awaves #AVNRT #PhysicalExam ... Cardiology #Neck #Frog #Sign
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... • Jaundice (later ... bile ducts Differential
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... features developing later ... EMG: LMN Signs in ... conditions listed in differential
Newborn Infant - Routine Examination

Birthweight, gestational age and birthweight percentile are noted.
General observation Of the baby's
fontanelle is also a late ... sign of meningitis ... are observed for signs ... Newborn #Infant #PhysicalExam ... Examination #Peds #Pediatrics