14 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Pathophysiology ... delivery to distal nephron ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... and Alkalosis - Diagnostic ... - Salicylates (late ... infusion #Diagnosis ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Bartter syndrome, Gitelman ... effect Normal gap ... In a normal gap ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Metabolic Acidosis ... Generalized distal nephron ... aniongap #NonGap #Metabolic ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management ... #pathophysiology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... intake, Diuretics (late ... Bartter Syndrome, Gitelman ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Bandemia Overview

Normal: < 1%
Clinically significant: > 10%

Band neutrophils are slightly less mature than segmented neutrophils and
Differential Diagnosis ... ingestions • Metabolic ... of band counts may ... delay diagnosis ... CBC #hematology #pathophysiology
Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
from hormonal and metabolic ... changes and may ... deficiency (thiamine) Late ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Pathophysiology