19 results
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
Algorithm and Differential ... suggests calculi/infection ... intrinsic renal disease ... #EM #IM #Urology ... #Algorithm #Ddxof
Pulmonary Infections in HIV-AIDS
Bacterial: 
 • No organism identified, Strep pneumoniae, H. influenzae, S.aureus, Streptococcus Grp
in HIV-AIDS Bacterial ... CXR +/- High res CT ... Diseases Fellows ... HIVAIDS #workup #diagnosis ... #evaluation #differential
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... should be based on clinical ... enhancement on CT ... Demyelinating disease ... diagnosis #AIDS
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... toxo IgG • CNS PCR ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Diagnosis for Pulmonary ... allopurinol), Infection ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... resolution chest CT ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Donath-Landsteiner Antibodies[PCH ... Clinical Presentation ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... younger pts) Differential ... Hemoglobinuria (PCH
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
antimicrobials, clinical ... BCNIE Diagnostic ... factors: - Serology ... Diseases Fellows ... #differential #
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
occipital and parietal lobes ... may precede the neurologic ... Shock, Autoimmune disease ... Reversible course Differential ... Infection, Electrolyte
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
association • M > F Clinical ... skin injury) • Neurologic ... +/- myocardial infarction ... Behcet syndrome (Clinical ... ) Differential Diagnosis
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
has five major clinical ... fungal stain of clinical ... yeast • At risk: AIDS ... transplantation • MCC ... : • Serology for