18 results
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia
Hypoxemia - Partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2) is below normal
Hypoxia - Insufficient oxygen
Hypoxemia vs Hypoxia ... Hypoxemia - Partial ... pressure of arterial ... #diagnosis #comparison ... #pulmonary
Causes of Hypoxemia- Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Ventilation/perfusion Mismatch
 • Airway Disease (Asthma, COPD)
 • Vascular (PE*)
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Intracardiac Right to Left ... Defect ** • Atrial ... Right to Left Shunt ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperacute Hypoxemia - Workup and Management
Differential Diagnosis: Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary Edema, Mucous Plugging, Bronchospasm, Pulmonary Embolism,
Hyperacute Hypoxemia ... Aspiration, Flash Pulmonary ... Bronchospasm, Pulmonary ... CXR, CTA Chest, Echocardiogram ... #treatment #criticalcare
Right Heart Catheterization Cheat Sheet: Interpretation of Pressures and Waveforms 
Direct measurements
 ● Central venous pressure
Waveforms Direct measurements ... (PAp) ● Pulmonary ... SvO2) Indirect measurements ... heart rate) ● Left ... Interpretation #Diagnosis
Causes of Pulmonary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
 • Idiopathic
 • Associated with:
Causes of Pulmonary ... Algorithm Pulmonary ... Arterial Hypertension ... Disease - HIV Left-Sided ... Disease and/or Hypoxemia
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Gradient • Right to Left ... Gradient #alveolar #arterial ... #pulmonary #Hypoxia ... #hypoxemia #differential ... #diagnosis
Differentiating PAH from PVH - Echocardiography
Pulmonary Artery Hypertension (PAH):
 • RV size - Enlarged
 • LA
from right to left ... septum - Bows from left ... Differentiating #PAH #PVH #Echocardiogram ... #comparison #diagnosis ... #arterial #venous
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Pulmonary arterial ... arterial hypertension ... due to left heart ... disease and/or hypoxia ... Classification #Diagnosis
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
upright position • Hypoxemia ... Microbubbles appear in left ... cycles after right atrial ... Quantifies degree of hypoxemia ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary
Shock Classification Types - Pathophysiology Comparison

Obstructive Shock:
 • Obstructive shock is characterized by a blockage in
Pathophysiology Comparison ... Pulmonary embolism ... effusion, small left ... #criticalcare # ... diagnosis #classification