10 results
Macrophage Activation Syndrome (MAS)
Classified among the secondary or acquired forms of haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH)

What?
A subset of
Macrophage Activation ... SLE], AOSD) • Infection ... MAS #Macrophage #Activation ... #Syndrome #Diagnosis ... #Management #Hematology
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
- Differential Diagnosis ... Fever/Chills/Joint ... Acute rheumatic fever ... - Aneurysmal bone ... #msk #physicalexam
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Definition: Overwhelming clinical syndrome associated with excessive macrophage activation and cytokine storm due to
Overwhelming clinical syndrome ... excessive macrophage activation ... following: • Fever ... Hemophagocytosis in bone ... management #treatment #hematology
SAPHO Syndrome Summary

What?
SAPHO syndrome is a rare chronic inflammatory disorder of bone, joint, and skin characterized
skeleton-sacroiliac joint and spine ... causes such as infectious ... antiinflammatory properties e.g ... diagnosis #management ... #Dermatology
Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) Infections 

Mycobacterial species other than those belonging to the Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex and
Lady Windermere Syndrome ... : • Syndrome of ... abscessus • Line ... Hematologic malignancy ... ) - Bone Marrow
Bone Deformity / Limp - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm 
Infection
 • Septic Arthritis
 • Cortical Hypertrophy
 •
Bone Deformity / ... Algorithm Infection ... Patellofemoral Syndrome ... Subluxation) Spine ... Deformity #Limp #MSK
SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus)

Suspect:
Clinical evidence of (fatigue, rash, photosensitivity, inflammatory arthritis, weight loss, and fever) and
weight loss, and fever ... Differential Diagnosis ... fibromyalgia) • Infections ... to: Arthritis, Fever ... Chronic B-cell activation
Gout - Diagnosis and Management Summary

3 Conditions for Gout to Manifest:
1. Hyperuricemia
2. Monosodium urate deposition in
sex • Metabolic syndrome ... 12-24 Hours • Fever ... concomitant infection ... Dual-energy CT → MSU ... overhanging cortical bone
TAFRO

TAFRO syndrome was first described in 2010, standing for:
- Thrombocytopenia
- Anasarca
- Fever
- Reticulin fibrosis
- Organomegaly

TAFRO syndrome
- Anasarca - Fever ... vasculitis - Infectious ... fast bacterial infection ... disease, severe fever ... interfollicular zone
Autoimmune Myositis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Inflammatory Myopathies: Commonly symmetric proximal muscle weakness, no substantial muscle pain
Tenderness → Consider infectious ... Aldolase levels • EMG ... : Fever, joint pain ... forward of the spine ... : • Fever • Interstitial