32 results
Alzheimer’s Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Risk factor for Late Onset Alzheimer's (99% of cases):
 - Increasing
Motor dysfunction: myoclonic ... incontinence, apraxia ... AlzheimersDisease #Dementia #pathophysiology ... #geriatrics #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
: Commonly no signs ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
aldosterone Causes ... Serum DHEAS Diagnosis ... be a clue • Blood ... addisons #disease #endocrinology ... #diagnosis #signs
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia - 21-Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs and Symptoms
 • Brain: Androgenization effects, Glucocorticoid effects,
Hydroxylase Deficiency - Signs ... and Symptoms • ... CAH-X), Increased blood ... #Symptoms #diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Signs/Symptoms ... • Signs/Symptoms ... - The classic signs ... #differential #diagnosis
Growth Hormone Excess - Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Acromegaly and gigantism share the same pathophysiology
• Other rare causes ... Overproduction #diagnosis ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Equina Syndrome Causes ... reflexes) • Urinary ... Syndrome #MSK #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #symptoms ... #signs
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
clinical findings Primary ... retroperitoneal masses ... #Varicocele #Pathophysiology ... #Signs #Symptoms ... #Urology #Diagnosis
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... hypertension and signs ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hypothyroidism, Primary
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
Decr delivery of blood ... inflammation tends to cause ... RheumatoidArthritis #RA #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #diagnosis #ExtraArticular