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Progressive ECG changes with increasing 
hyperkalaemia. 
 (a) Normal 
 (b) Tented T wave (arrow)
changes with increasing ... hyperkalaemia ... (a) Normal (b) ... d) 'Sine wave' pattern ... #ECG #Hyperkalemia
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm
 • IV calcium
 • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt
 • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV ... potassium and ECG ... changes • 5.5 ... morphology, "Sine wave" pattems
BRASH Syndrome

B - Bradycardia
R - Renal failure
A - AV nodal blockade
S - Shock
H - Hyperkalemia

Typical ECG
S - Shock H - Hyperkalemia ... Typical ECG ... balanced fluids" > normal ... saline) • If on a Ca2 ... + channel blocker
Causes of ST Segment Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Framework

STEMI:
 • Upsloping convex STE: "Pardee's sign" +
Early-repolarization pattern ... leads • S1Q3T3 pattern ... Disorders: • Hyperkalemia ... dissection • Sodium-channel ... #ekg #electrocardiogram
Medications for the Treatment of Hyperkalemia
The goals of acute treatment are to prevent potentially life-threatening cardiac
the Treatment of Hyperkalemia ... underlying problem can ... , changes on ECG ... , severe hyperkalemia ... Figure 3 is an algorithm
The chemical formula of Digoxin is C41 H64 O14.
Digoxin (Cardiac glycoside) reversibly inhibits the sodium-potassium-ATPase, causing
, hypercalcemia, ... Hypokalemia is a ... in a bigeminal pattern ... effect" on the ECG ... consists of T wave changes
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Enteroviruses (e.g ... encephalitis, eastern ... • Cough • Changes ... neurosyphilis can ... neurosyphilis can
Evaluation and Management of Hypokalemia

Hypokalemia is often asymptomatic. Evaluation begins with a search for warning signs
Hypokalemia is ... palpitations, changes ... electrocardiography (ECG ... repletion and can ... #Evaluation #Algorithm
HFpEF and CAD Management Algorithm
1. Consider revascularization based on current guidelines for CAD and HFpEF*
2. Statins:
Algorithm 1. ... current guidelines (eg ... nitrates, calcium channel ... fluid status (hypervolemia ... #Management #Algorithm