9 results
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hyponatremia, hyperkalemia ... , hypoglycemia Testing ... ACTH) stimulation test ... #endocrinology
Benign Adrenal Mass - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperplasia - Often Bilateral
 • Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
 • ACTH
Diagnosis Algorithm ... High DHEAS • Low ... Dexamethasone Suppression Test ... Hypertension +/- Hypokalemia ... #Endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
consumption • Low ... #diagnosis #Algorithm ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology ... #low
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
specificity for AI (but low ... require Cosyntropin testing ... Step 3) Differentiate ... - Low ACTH is ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis and Screening Testing
Common causes: 
 • Renal parenchymal disease
Hypertension - Differential ... Diagnosis and Screening ... Testing Common ... disease - Renal ultrasound ... (correction of hypokalemia
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
Cerebral Salt Wasting ... Present (Uosm ≥100): Hypovolemia ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
alkalosis • Normal or low ... renal potassium wasting ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #nephrology #management
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... confirmed via genetic testing ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Constipation in Adults
Most common
 - Inadequate fiber or fluid intake
 - Poor bowel habits
Systemic
- Metabolic: hypokalemia ... porphyria - Neurologic ... Psychogenic - Eating ... Constipation #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis