17 results
Hyperparathyroidism classification
Different causes and features of hyperparathyroidism - raised parathormone (PTH).

#Diagnosis #Hyperparathyroidism #Differential #Primary #Secondary #Tertiary
Different causes ... hyperparathyroidism - raised parathormone ... #Differential #Primary ... Tertiary #Comparison #Table ... #Classification
The Diagnostic Approach to Hyperkalemia
Drugs
 - Amiloride
 - Spironolactone
 - Triamterene
 - Trimethoprim
 - Pentamidine
 -
inhibitors Other causes ... High Renin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... Ketoconazole Low ... #Hyperkalemia #Algorithm
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Ureterosigmoidostomy Urinary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Weakness, fatigue, nausea ... Baseline plasma ACTH Low ... baseline ACTH - Primary ... • Low or normal
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
Hypoaldosteronism (Low ... Chronic heparin - Primary ... adrenal insufficiency ... Aldosterone #Comparison #Table ... #Causes
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm
UOsm ≥ POsm - Vasopressin-Dependent
 • UNa < 20 mEq/L - Appropriate (↓ EABV)
Hyponatremia Diagnosis Algorithm ... Vasopressin-independent - Consider: Primary ... polydipsia, Low ... intake, Renal insufficiency ... #causes #nephrology
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
Insufficiency Addison's ... : Most Common Causes ... Hypoparathyroidism - Type ... NAGMA from RTA type ... • Weakness • Low-grade
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm - Evaluation of HPA Axis Response to ACTH

Early am cortisol < 3
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... unclear (often the case ... AI - Low = secondary ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Types of Urinary Incontinence
 - Stress Incontinence - The urethral sphincter is weakened so that transient
Types of Urinary ... contractions are insufficient ... contribute to any type ... #Types #Classification ... #Causes #diagnosis
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal Insufficiency ... water intake (Primary ... differential #diagnosis #table