12 results
Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Red Urine:
 • Medical conditions: bleeding, porphyria, factitious disorder
 • Meds: rifampin,
Urine Color - Differential ... porphyria, factitious disorder ... • Meds: rifampin ... #Color #Differential ... discoloration #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology ... #sodium
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
, Gitelman syndrome ... sodium is typically ... the excretion of sodium ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
volume-based algorithm Urine ... : SIADH, Renal Sodium ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #differential ... #nephrology
Primary Polydipsia
Definition: Excessive volitional water intake
Epidemiology:
 • 6-20% of patients with psychiatric disorders - Most commonly
with psychiatric disorders ... diabetes insipidus Differential ... Osm, Serum Sodium ... , Urine Sodium ... diagnosis #management #nephrology
Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) - Diagnosis and Management Summary

Epidemiology:
 • Prevalence: 1-2 cases per million -
Pathophysiology ... other neurological disorders ... limb or joint disorders ... others (botox, sodium ... Management #treatment #neurology
Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
Chronic Hypertension:
 • Guidelines as SBP ≥130 or DBP ≥ 90 mmHg
 •
Hypertensive Disorders ... , 300 mg/24 hr urine ... ratio ≥ 0.3, or Urine ... patients • HELLP: Syndrome ... #differential #
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
approach to the differential ... Measure urine osmolality ... demyelination syndrome ... Treatment #management #nephrology ... #sodium
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
an autoimmune disorder ... thyroid, Sjogren syndrome ... life-threatening Differential ... immunosuppressants - Meds ... diagnosis #management #neurology