46 results
Hyperparathyroidism - Primary vs Secondary vs Tertiary 
Lab Comparison:
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism: ↑→PTH, ↑Calcium, ↑Vitamin D,
Phosphate Physical Symptoms ... pain Psychiatric Symptoms ... Hyperparathyroidism #diagnosis ... #endocrinology ... Secondary #Tertiary #pathophysiology
Causes of Polyneuropathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Metabolic: DM, Hypothyroidism, CKD, Cirrhosis, Nutritional deficiency
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm • Metabolic ... Heavy metals, Vitamin ... RA, Sjogren’s), Vasculitis ... Algorithm #causes #neurology
VITAMINS Mnemonic for Acute / Subacute Peripheral Polyneuropathy

Vascular
Inflammatory: Amyloidosis, vasculitis (often more subacute/chronic)
Toxins: Nitrous oxide, chemo,
VITAMINS Mnemonic ... : Amyloidosis, vasculitis ... inhibitors Autoimmune Metabolic ... Subacute #Acute #Neurology ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Altered Mental Status - Differential Diagnosis
 • Neurologic: Stroke, Cerebral hypoxia, Cerebral hemorrhage, Seizure, Trauma, TBI,
- Differential Diagnosis ... • Neurologic: ... Trauma, TBI, Tumor, Vasculitis ... Encephalitis • Metabolic ... , Hypercarbia, Vitamin
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
Deficiency) - Diagnosis ... poor nutrition Clinical ... musculoskeletal symptoms ... Psychiatric symptoms ... #Pathophysiology
Metformin Associated Lactic Acidosis (MALA) 

Pathophysiology of MALA
 - Metformin interferes with the activity of the
Acidosis (MALA) Pathophysiology ... Diagnosis of MALA ... presentation - Clinical ... also includes symptoms ... Toxicity #Toxicology #Diagnosis
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... Radiation • Metabolic ... /endocrine: Vitamin ... Hypothyroid • Metabolic ... #neurology
Graves’ Disease: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
B & T lymphocyte mediated autoimmunity attack TSH receptor -> Continuous
Pathogenesis and Clinical ... GravesDisease #pathophysiology ... #endocin #endocrinology ... #symptoms #signs ... #diagnosis
Hypothyroid Myopathy
Very common (up to 80% ) in patients with hypothyroidism
Pathophysiology:
 • T4 deficiency leads to
hypothyroidism Pathophysiology ... mitochondrial oxidative metabolism ... fibers Spectrum of Clinical ... #signs #symptoms ... #endocrinology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
Pregnancy (AFLP) Pathophysiology ... free fatty acid metabolism ... Intermediate fatty acid metabolism ... postpartum): • Initial symptoms ... ) Differential Diagnosis