26 results
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Primary Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Cl intake, Diuretics ... High Urine Cl-: Diuretics ... #Algorithm #Nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... #Workup #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... intake • Metabolic ... Renal Losses: • Metabolic ... Loop and thiazide diuretics ... #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Diuretics (discontinued ... Metabolic alkalosis ... Differential #Algorithm #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Workup ... #Nephrology
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
Workup for Hypophosphatemia ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Normal or Low ... Inh., Osmotic diuresis ... #phosphate #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
GI Losses - Gastric
 • Vomiting
 • NG suction
GI
Causes of Metabolic ... - Differential Diagnosis ... tubular transport • Diuretics ... MetabolicAlkalosis #NonGap #Nephrology ... #Differential #Diagnosis
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
weight loss - Low ... disturbances: low ... drugs including diuretics ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Diuretics and Agents ... resistance • Metabolic ... disequilibrium syndrome • Diagnosis ... Symport (Loop Diuretics ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
loop or thiazide diuretics ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... pressure: Active diuretic ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis