21 results
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)

DKA is a result of an absolute or relative insulin
Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology ... of carbohydrate metabolism ... state and fat metabolism ... #Pathophysiology ... #Diabetes #Endocrinology
Ketosis Disorders
Ketone bodies are a normal metabolic energy source. Excessive unregulated production of ketones, often accompanied
bodies are a normal metabolic ... fatty acid (FA) metabolism ... ) - caused by complete ... Glucosuria causes ... diagnosis #management #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
out of cells may cause ... To prevent hypokalemia ... Due to neuronal metabolism ... #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Trousseau's Sign of Hypocalcemia on Physical Exam

Carpopedal spasm caused by ischemia induced by an inflated blood
Trousseau's Sign of Hypocalcemia ... Carpopedal spasm caused ... #PhysicalExam #Hypocalcemia ... #clinical #video ... #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... Pressure: - Metabolic ... Hippurate - Metabolic ... RTA, Distal RTA, DKA
Causes of Nausea and Vomiting - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Chemoreceptor Trigger Zone/Area Postrema:
 • Drugs:
	- Chemo agents
	-
Causes of Nausea ... - Viral • Metabolic ... - Uremia - DKA ... - Hypercalcemia ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
Recovery From DKA ... Alkalosis • Hypokalemia ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology ... #causes
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Parathyroid gland structure-related
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism
 • Parathyroid adenoma
 • Parathyroid hyperplasia
 • Parathyroid
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... hypocalciuric hypercalcemia ... Vitamin D metabolic ... Milk-alkali syndrome #Hypercalcemia ... #Causes #endocrinology
The Chvostek sign (/ˈkvɒstɪk/) is a clinical sign of existing nerve hyperexcitability (tetany) seen in hypocalcemia.It
lips) because of hypocalcemia ... hyperventilation, which causes ... Chvostek #Signs #Hypocalcemia ... #PhysicalExam #Video ... #Clinical #endocrinology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... disorders including hypokalemia ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Hyperthyroidism, Hypercalcemia