10 results
Gitelman Syndrome Pathophysiology
Gitelman Syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive salt-losing tubulopathy with a prevalence of 1-
Gitelman Syndrome ... Pathophysiology ... → Hypokalemia Metabolic ... #Syndrome #Pathophysiology ... #nephrology #diagnosis
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Excessive vomiting - Metabolic ... - Bartter - Gitelman ... SIGNS: • Muscle ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Pathophysiology ... #Nephrology #Chloride
Gitelman Syndrome - Diagnosis and Workup
Blood Work:
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hypomagnesemia
 - Metabolic Alkalosis
 - Elevated
Gitelman Syndrome ... Blood Work: - ... Hypomagnesemia - Metabolic ... dr_missyhanna #Gitelman ... #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
Gitelman Syndrome ... hypomagnesemia • Metabolic ... Hypochloremic metabolic ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology ... #management #pathophysiology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup ... hypertension and signs ... hypokalemia and metabolic ... renal bruit or signs ... Neurologic disorders
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
65 years PBC Pathophysiology ... failure PBC Signs ... cholangitis #diagnosis #workup ... #hepatology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
Radiation • Metabolic ... Lack of UMN/LMN signs ... Hypothyroid • Metabolic ... dystrophies Work ... Differential #Diagnosis #neurology
Peri-operative Hyperthermia - Guidelines for Crises in Anaesthesia
If prolonged or ≥ 39 C this is a
dissipation of metabolic ... hyperthermia crisis (late sign ... Phaeochromocytoma Neurologic ... Diagnosis #Management #Workup
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... respiratory failure • Neurologic ... Nephrolithiasis • Metabolic ... Hyophosphatasia #hepatology
Anorexia Nervosa: Complications
CARDIAC ABNORMALITIES
 - Functional: Low BP, Sinus bradycardia, prolonged QT interval
 - Structural: Reduced
/ Hypovolemia NEUROLOGIC ... Cerebral Atrophy and Metabolic ... Complications #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs