21 results
High Output Heart Failure - Pathophysiology and Differential Diagnosis
Obesity - Systemic Vasodilation, Vasoactive Adipokines
Arteriovenous Fistula -
and Differential Diagnosis ... Vasodilation Lung ... #HeartFailure #CHF ... #Pathophysiology ... #cardiology #causes
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
More Specific Signs ... Less Specific Signs ... Chest x-ray: signs ... → no signs of CXR ... #management #cardiology
Approach to ECGs - VT vs. SVT - Wide Tachycardias
DDx = VT vs. SVT with BBB
All
- Brugada's sign ... - Josephson's sign ... VT #VTach #SVT #Comparison ... #ekg #cardiology ... #diagnosis #electrocardiogram
Bradycardia
1) First Steps: IV, O2, Monitors, ECG, Pads on patient, Crash Cart in room. Is patient
O2, Monitors, ECG ... worsening brady, Signs ... AMS, SOB from CHF ... #bradycardia #diagnosis ... differential #management #cardiology
Cannon A waves during AVNRT on Physical Exam
In AVNRT, the atria and ventricles contract nearly simultaneously
EKG of the same ... are enough to diagnose ... ’s called Frog sign ... PhysicalExam #JVP #Cardiology ... #Neck #Frog #Sign
Refeeding Syndrome: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Patients at Risk of Refeeding Syndrome:
 - Little or no nutritional
Low BMI < 18.5 kg ... overload -> - CHF ... Refeeding #Syndrome #diagnosis ... #pathophysiology ... #symptoms #signs
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
- Differential Diagnosis ... Enteroviruses (e.g ... Acute meningeal signs ... culture or by serology ... #neurology #meningitis
Tram Track Sign on Chest CT
 • Parallel, non-tapering airways, extending to the lung periphery.
 •
Tram Track Sign ... extending to the lung ... bronchiectasis, CF ... #Tram #Track #Sign ... #diagnosis #radiology
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... Splint: Posterior long ... Elbow #Humerus #Radiology ... #XRay #Diagnosis
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in