14 results
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
Anterior Cord Syndrome ... bladder and rectal reflex ... #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #signs #symptoms ... #msk #orthopedics
Cauda Equina Syndrome
Causes:
 • Large lumbar degenerative disc herniation (central)
 • Severe lumbar spondylosis
 • Neoplasm
Cauda Equina Syndrome ... lumbar spine Signs ... of normal leg reflexes ... #MSK #pathophysiology ... diagnosis #symptoms #signs
Supracondylar Elbow Fracture
• Most common elbow fracture in children, peak age 5-7 
• When looking at
anterior sail sign ... can't make A-OK sign ... ), compartment syndrome ... • ED Management ... #Orthopedics #MSK
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... organ damage • Treatment ... : • Pathophysiology ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Myasthenia Gravis Overview

Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction.  Ab to
thyroid, Sjogren syndrome ... test - Cogan sign ... - Peek sign ... immunologic assay - MuSK ... Gravis #diagnosis #management
Syncope is a sudden, transient loss of consciousness, which is thought to be secondary to cerebral
causes such as reflex ... carotid sinus syndrome ... further guide management ... orthostatic vital sign ... The treatment strategy
Optic Neuritis - Diagnosis and Management
 • Epidemiology: Female (75%), 18-50 years,
caucasian
 • Symptoms: Moderate visual
Diagnosis and Management ... Unilateral • Signs ... corticosteroids TREATMENT ... - Typical MS-like ... #ophthalmology
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
lateral sclerosis Pathophysiology ... of UMN and LMN signs ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Behçet's Syndrome
Systemic disease associated with inflammation of multiple organs, small-vessel vasculitis and large-vessel vasculopathy
Epidemiology:
 • Young
Behçet's Syndrome ... Arthritis, AS Treatment ... inhibitors • Uveitis- Ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #management ... #signs #symptoms