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Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Posterior Reversible ... Altered mental status ... agitation) • Seizures ... #Posterior #Reversible ... Syndrome #Diagnosis #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment
Blood pressure control:
 • Aim for 10-25% BP reduction within
Posterior Reversible ... Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES ... are preferred Seizure ... #Posterior #Reversible ... Treatment #Management #Neurology
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Posterior Reversible ... may precede the neurologic ... the underlying cause ... : Treat with AEDs ... #PRES #Posterior
Causes of Seizures - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Unprovoked - Epilepsy:
 • Focal: Simple, Complex
 • Generalized: Absence,
Causes of Seizures ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Unprovoked - Epilepsy ... Aneurysm, Vasculitis, Reversible ... #Causes #neurology
Causes of Status Epilepticus in Adults
METABOLIC DISTURBANCES
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hypocalcemia
Hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia
Hyponatremia
Uremia
INFECTIOUS PROCESSES
Central nervous system abscess
Encephalitis
Meningitis
WITHDRAWAL SYNDROMES
Alcohol
Antiepileptic drugs
Baclofen
Barbiturates
Benzodiazepines
CENTRAL
Causes of Status ... SYNDROMES Alcohol Antiepileptic ... hemorrhage Neoplasm Posterior ... #Epilepticus #Seizures ... #neurology
Do you start Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs) on a first time seizure?

SHINE Mnemonic:
 • first seizure occurred
Anti-Epileptic Drugs (AEDs ... Remote Symptomatic Cause ... abnormalities on EEG #Antiepileptics ... Initiation #start #Algorithm ... #Neurology #SHINE
Emergency Treatment Algorithm for Convulsive Status Epilepticus 
 1. ABCDEFG (ABC's and Don't Ever Forget the
Emergency Treatment Algorithm ... Concurrently search for reversible ... cause FIRST-LINE ... Convulsive #management #neurology ... #seizures #ACEP
Management of Convulsive Status Epilepticus in children
Stabilization Phase (Seizure 0-5 minutes):
 • Check and maintain ABC
of Convulsive Status ... • Consider Antiepileptic ... #Management #neurology ... #pediatrics #peds ... #algorithm