33 results
Classification, Differential Diagnosis, and Features of Hyponatremia According to Volume Status 

Hypervolemic hypernatremia 
 - CHF
hypernatremia - CHF ... - Drugs - SIADH ... deficit - Salt-losing ... Differential #Diagnosis #Table
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... underlying cause (CHF ... , SSRIs) - SIADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... diagnosis #nephrology #sodium
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Osmolarity 3) Urine Sodium ... Low Uric Acid → SIADH ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #sodium
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Repeat the sodium ... EUVOLEMIC • SIADH ... HYPERVOLEMIC • CHF ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Pharmacology of diuretics

Acetazolamide, Loop diuretics, Thiazide‐like diuretics, MRA, Amiloride

Site of Action, Maximum Dose, Half-Life, Onset, Bioavailability,
Pharmacology #Comparison #Table ... #HalfLife #Dosing ... Loop #Thiazide #CHF
Flowchart to diuretic use in acute heart failure.

(A) Congestion with volume overload. 

(B) Treatment algorithm after
(B) Treatment algorithm ... intravenous; SGLT2‐I, sodium–glucose ... administration, once a day dosing ... Diuretic #Diuresis #CHF ... #Algorithm #Congestive
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... restriction alone in SIADH ... , Renal Sodium loss ... differential #diagnosis #table ... #sodium #nephrology
REBEL Review 71: Treatment of Thyroid Storm 

Propranolol 
Esmolol 
Propylthiouracil (PTU) 
Methimazole 
Saturated Solution of Potassium
Lugol's Solution Sodium ... hyperthyroidism #table ... comparison #Dosages #dosing
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm

CHF, Cirrhosis - Fluid restriction
SIADH - Fluid restriction
 - Consider salt tablets if etiology
Hyponatremia Treatment Algorithm ... CHF, Cirrhosis ... Fluid restriction SIADH ... Hyponatremia #Treatment #Algorithm
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... OFF (UNa > 30): SIADH ... #Hyponatremia #Algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium