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Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
Lung Infections ... macrophages in HIV • Lung ... : • Upper lung ... cough, myalgia • Lung ... Microsporidium #Lung
Lung Abscess
Microbiology:
 • Polymicrobial 
 • Anaerobes (most common) 
Clinical: 
 • Indolent symptoms that evolve
Lung Abscess Microbiology ... to rnonths • Fever ... meropenem) #Lung ... Pulmonary #Clinical #CXR ... #ChestXRay
The PA-film shows a silhouette sign of the left heart border.
Even without looking at the lateral
anteriorly in the left lung ... consolidation due to a pneumonia ... Sterptococcus pneumoniae ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #Pneumonia #Lingula
Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia (COP)

Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia Overview:
 • Idiopathic form of organizing pneumonia
 • formerly BOOP
of interstitial lung ... cough, dyspnea, fever ... - Imaging: • CXR ... Diagnosis: • Lung ... TBNA or Surgical lung
Interstitial pneumonias
An acute reticular pattern is most frequently caused by interstitial edema due to cardiac heart
Interstitial pneumonias ... is interstitial pneumonia ... PCP Mycoplasma pneumonia ... cough and some fever ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
A 50 yo F with a history of poor dentition presents to the ED with fever
to the ED with fever ... A CXR is done. ... consistent w/ lung ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR ... #ChestXRay #Cavitary
Causes of Acute Pediatric Cough - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
No Fever, No Tachypnea
 - Normal Chest Auscultation
Algorithm No Fever ... Fever, Tachypnea ... - Normal CXR ... • Bacterial pneumonia ... Atypical or viral pneumonia
Estimated Medical Radiation Doses for 5 Year-Old Child

3-view ankle	0.0015 mSv	1/14th CXRs
2-view chest	0.02 mSv	1 CXRs
Anteroposterior and lateral
Year-Old Child 3-view ... 0.0015 mSv 1/14th CXRs ... 2-view chest 0.02 ... scan 6.2 mSv 310 CXRs ... Doses #Imaging #ChestXRay
Lobar pneumonia
On the chest x-ray there is an ill-defined area of increased density in the right
Lobar pneumonia ... lobar or segmental pneumonia ... weight loss or long ... an acute lobar pneumonia ... Clinical #Radiology #CXR
Pneumonia on Chest Xray and POCUS

Extensive pneumonia in lower left lobe (red arrow). 
POCUS: Dynamic air
Pneumonia on Chest ... POCUS Extensive pneumonia ... CasasolaGarcia #Pneumonia ... AirBronchogram #POCUS #CXR ... Comparison #Clinical #Lung