Causes of Myoclonus - Differential Diagnosis LOCALIZATION: • Cortical: Focal/multifocal: Distal UL+ Face, Action/sensitive induced • Sub-Cortical: Axial/Bilateral, Startle/Auditory induced • Spinal: Unilateral: Arm, trunk, Independent +/- sensitive stimulus • Peripheral: Hemifacial. Rhythmic/ semirhythmic TIME COURSE: • Hyperacute: Physical encephalopathies, post stroke, trauma • Acute: Infections (Arbovirus, HSV, HIV, Malaria, Syphilis, PML), Inflammatory (MS) • Sub-acute: OMS, Neoplasia, autoinmune and paraneoplastic encephalopathies, CJD • Chronic: Storage disease, spinocerebellar degenerations, dementias, malabsorbtion (celiac, whipple) TOXIC METABOLIC: ↓(Na, P, Glu), ↑(Glu, thyroid), encephalopathy (hepatic, septic, pulmonary), acid-base, opioids, psychiatric drugs, AED, antibiotics, levodopa, anticonvulsant, NSAID, lithium, propofol, Toluene, gasoline sniffing, substance withdrawal, contrast media, dehydration, primary progressive myoclonus of aging. - Kiara Camacho @kiaracamacho96 & Marco Malaga @MarcoMalaga97 #Myoclonus #Differential #Diagnosis #Causes #neurology
