Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hyperacute: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma - Systemic: Hypertensive encephalopathy Acute: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (SDH), Inflammatory (Acute demyelination), Infectious (bacterial/viral meningitis encephalitis) - Systemic: Systemic infection Subacute: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (SDH), Neoplasm-related (brain tumors, paraneoplastic syndromes), Inflammatory, Infectious (fungal, TB, parasitic, complications of HIV) - Systemic: Chronic systemic conditions: Heart failure, Endocrinopathy, Malignancy, Autoimmune, OSA Chronic: - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (SDH), Degenerative, NPH, Infectious (syphilis, HIV-associated neurocognitive disease) #Encephalopathy #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
