Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential, urine dipstick, urine microscopy / urinary sediment, renal ultrasonography, serum calcium Optional: urinary electrolytes, urea, uric acid, osmolarity If cause of AKI remains unclear AND hypovolaemia and obstruction excluded OR any of the above investigations abnormal: consider the following investigations depending on clinical context and signs • Glomerulonephritis / Vasculits: ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM, Anti-ds-DNA, C3/C4, ENA, immunoglobulins, cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology, HIV serology, renal biopsy • Interstitial nephritis: eosinophilia, eosinophiluria, renal biopsy • Abdominal compartment syndrome: intravesicular pressure • TTP / HUS: fragmentocytes, LDH, platelets, reticulocytes, haptoglobin, bilirubin • Rhabdo-myolysis: CK, myoglobin • Myeloma: serum / urine, protein-electrophoresis, renal biopsy • Sepsis: sepsis screen, including blood culture, urine culture, inflammatory markers • Cardio-renal syndrome: troponin, CK-MB, NT-proBNP, cardiac imaging #Acute #Kidney #Injury #AKI #Workup #Algorithm #Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology #causes
