Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) - Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm Risk factors: Previous acute enteric infection, Female sex, Younger age, Other functional somatic syndromes (e.g. fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue) Risk factors affecting symptom severity: - Less severe, more common: Food, Acute gastrointestinal infection, Mucosal inflammation, Abdominal or pelvic surgery, Menses - More severe, less common: Life stress, Somatisation, Anxiety or depression, Poor coping skills, Poor social support, Maladaptive cognitions, Abuse Diarrhea: - 1st Line: Loperamide, Antispasmodics - 2nd Line: Tricyclic antidepressants, 5-HT3 antagonists, Rifaximin, Eluxadoline Constipation: - 1st Line: Laxatives, Soluble fibre - 2nd Line: Lubiprostone, Linaclotide, Plecanatide, Tenapanor, 5-HT4 agonists Pain: - 1st Line: Antispasmodics, Peppermint oil - 2nd Line: Tricyclic antidepressants, Pregabalin #IBS #Irritable #Bowel #Syndrome #Pathophysiology #Diagnosis #Management #Algorithm #gastroenterology
