Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) Diagnosis Algorithm Bubble echo is the first piece of the puzzle. The nail on the dx is an A-a gradient >15. If <15 it is a simple intrapulmonary vasodilation which can present the same way on bubble echo. Themis Kourkoumpetis, MD, MPH @Themis_Kourk #Hepatopulmonary #Syndrome #HPS #Diagnosis #Algorithm #hepatology #pulmonary
