Bradycardia - Differential Diagnosis Framework BRADI Mnemonic • BRASH/Hyperkalemia • Reduced oxygen/Glucose/Temp • ACS • Drugs • ICP / Infections BRASH Syndrome - Hyperkalemia + AV nodal blocking agents = Bradycardia • Bradycardia • Renal failure • AV nodal blocking agent • Shock • Hyperkalemia Pulmonary: • Hypoxia • Sleep apnea • Hypercarbia Environmental: • Hypothermia Endocrine: • Hypothyroidism Electrolytes: • hyperkalemia • Hypermagnesemia Neurological: • Raised Intracranial Pressure - Cushing response • Ictal Bradycardia Cardiac Disease: • Myocardial ischemia/infarction • Myocarditis • Congenital disorders • Cardiomyopathies - Infiltrative: Sarcoidosis, Amyloidosis, Hemochromotosis • His-Purkinje Fiber degeneration • Tachy-Brady syndrome • Aortic Valve Endocarditis + Abscess • Sick sinus syndrome • Post cardiac/Valve surgery • Heart block Medications: • Beta blockers • Calcium channel blockers • Digoxin • Amiodorone • Clonidine • Organophosphates • Ciguatera • Flecanide toxicity • Sotalol • Propofol infusion syndrome • Quinidine • Amitryptyline • Lithium • Cimetidine Infections: • Lyme disease • Diptheria • Typhoid fever • Chagas disease • Acute rheumatic fever • Legionella • Psittacosis • Q fever • Yellow fever • Babesiosis • Leptospirosis • RMSF • Trichinosis Autoimmune: • SLE • Scleroderma • Polymyositis • HLAB27 Seronegative Spondylarthropathies Other causes: • Athletes • Carotid sinus hypersensitivity • Oculocardiac reflex • Dysautonomia • Failure of permanent pacemaker #Bradycardia #differential #diagnosis #causes #cardiology #BRADI #Mnemonic
