Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework 1) Environment - Fragmentation - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP - Grafts, Valves, AS - HTN/Pre-eclampsia 2) External (RBC Membrane): - Autoimmune: Warm AIHA, Cold AIHA, Transfusion reactions, Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome - Non-immune: Membrane Defects, Drugs, Liver Disease, PNH 3) Internal (RBC) - Infections/toxins: Malaria, Babesiosis, Bartonella, Clostridium, Snakes, Spiders - Enzyme Defects: G6PD, Pyruvate kinase - Hemoglobin Defects: Sickle cell anemia, Thalassemias, Unstable Hgb - Electrolytes: Wilson's disease, Hypophostphatemia Laboratory Tests: - Haptoglobin ↓ - Lactate Dehydrogenase ↑ - Peripheral Blood Smear ↑ abnormal RBCs - Reticulocyte Count ↑ - Unconjugated Bilirubin ↑ - AST ↑ - Urinalysis ↑ Urobilinogen #Hemolysis #Differential #Diagnosis #hematology
