Marcus Gunn Pupil - Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD) Definition: Afferent loop of the pupillary light reflex is impaired (loss of sensory information) Where: Optic nerve* (main cause), Retina, Macula Main Association: Optic neuritis due to MS How to test it? Swinging flashlight test Robert Marcus Gunn was a Scottish physician, that in 1902 described the "pathologic pupillary escape". Later (1959), Levitan better characterized this finding with the swinging light test By Dr. Gabriela Figueiredo Pucci @gabifpucci @neudrawlogy #Marcus #Gunn #Pupil #Relative #Afferent #Pupillary #Defect #RAPD #neurology
