Aortitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework Non-Infectious Aortitis: • Vasculitides: Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA), Takayasu's arteritis, Cogan's Syndrome, Relapsing polychondritis, Behcet's Disease, Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN), ANCA associated vasculitis (rare) • Rheumatic Diseases: IgG4-Related Disease (IgG4-RD), Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Sarcoidosis, HLA-B27-related spondyloarthropathies (SPA) • Other Causes: Cancer, Histiocytic disorders (Erdheim-Chester), Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (irAEs) (rare), Idiopathic Infectious Aortitis: • Most common bacterial causes include: Staphylococcus spp., Salmonella spp., Streptococcus pneumoniae • Mycobacterial Causes: M.tuberculosis, M. bovis • Fungi: Candida, Cryptococcus, Aspergillus, Histoplasma, Paracoccidioides • Viruses: HIV, VZV By Mithu Maheswaranathan, MD @MithuRheu and Dr. Sara Dong @swinndong #Aortitis #Differential #Diagnosis #rheumatology
