Diuretics - Pharmacology Thiazides diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ Cl- cotransporter in distal tubule • Chlorothiazide, Chlorthalidone, Indapamide, Hydrochlorothiazide, Methyclothiazide, Metolazone Loop diuretics: • Inhibit Na+K+Cl2- cotransporter in thick ascending limb • Bumetanide, Furosemide, Ethacrynate, Torsemide, Piretanide Potassium sparing diuretics: • Inhibit Na+ reabsorption in the collecting duct • Amiloride, Spironolactone (Aldactone), Triamterene Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: • Inhibit Na+ and HC03- in the proximal tubule • Acetazolamide, Methazolamide Osmotic diuretics: • Promote Na+ and water loss through the nephron by excretion of non-reabsorbable filtrate • Glycerin (Glycerol), Isosorbide, Mannitol, Urea Vasopressin receptor antagonists (also called Vaptans): • Aquaretics (not a diuretic as no effect on sodium reabsorption)-promote water excretion by inhibiting antidiuretic hormone (ADH)-mediated water reabsorption in the collecting duct Satyendra Dhar, MD @DharSaty #Diuretics #Pharmacology #nephrology #conversion #loop #thiazide #classes
