Stoma Indications, Output and Complications Stoma Types: • End ileostomy • Loop ileostomy • End colostomy • Loop colostomy • Ileal conduit Cutaneous Complications: • Irritant contact dermatitis, Allergic contact dermatitis • Peristomal pyoderma gangrenosum, Granulomas • Psoriasis, Seborrheic dermatitis • Color changes (brown: post-inflammatory pigmentation, red/pink/mauve: new blood vessels, other colored: urinary staining) • Others: seborrheic keratosis (warty), cancer, ulcers, red cracks/sores (malnutrition), purpura (vasculitis), drug eruptions, radiation dermatitis Early complications: • Ischemia, Necrosis • Retraction, Skin dehiscence • Infection • Bleeding • Ileus • Evisceration Late complications: • Prolapse • Stenosis • Fistula • Leakage: irritation, erosion, skin digestion • Bowel obstruction • Parastomal hernia • Persistent infections • Stoma varices • High-output ileostomy: dehydration, electrolyte abnormalities • Constipation/diarrhea • Psychological #Stoma #Ostomy #Output #Complications #diagnosis #gastroenterology
