The Maxillary Nerve Block Anatomy The maxillary nerve exits the skull through the foramen rotundum before dividing into terminal branches ( Table 1 and Figure 7 ). Except for the middle meningeal nerve (the intracranial branch that innervates the dura mater), all branches (zygomatic branches, superior alveolar nerve, pterygopalatine and parasympathetic branches, palatine and pharyngeal branches) arise in the pterygopalatine fossa. #Anatomy #Maxillary #Nerve #Branches #Block