Bleeding Risk for Various Invasive/Surgical Procedures Low Risk: • Dental extractions (1 or 2 teeth), endodontic (root canal) procedure, • Subgingival scaling or other cleaning • Cataract surgery • Dermatologic procedures (e.g. biopsy) • Gastroscopy or colonoscopy without biopsies • Coronary angiography • Permanent pacemaker insertion or internal defibrillator placement (if bridging anticoagulation is not used) • Selected procedures (e.g. thoracentesis, paracentesis, arthrocentesis) Moderate Risk: • Other intra-abdominal surgery (e.g. laparoscopic cholecystectomy, hernia repair, colon resection) • Other general surgery (e.g. breast) • Other intrathoracic surgery • Other orthopedic surgery • Other vascular surgery • Non-cataract ophthalmologic surgery • Gastroscopy or colonoscopy with biopsies • Selected procedures (e.g. bone marrow biopsy, lymph node biopsy) • Complex dental procedure (e.g. multiple tooth extractions) High Risk: • Any surgery or procedure with neuraxial (spinal or epidural) anesthesia • Neurosurgery (intracranial or spinal) • Cardiac surgery (e.g. CABG, heart valve replacement) • Major intra-abdominal surgery (e.g. intestinal anastomosis) • Major vascular surgery (e.g. aortic aneurysm repair, aortofemoral bypass) • Major orthopedic surgery (e.g. hip or knee replacement) • Lung resection surgery • Urological surgery (e.g. prostatectomy, bladder tumour resection) • Extensive cancer surgery (e.g. pancreas, liver) • Reconstructive plastic surgery • Selected procedures (e.g. kidney biopsy, prostate biopsy, cervical cone biopsy, pericardiocentesis, colonic polypectomy) #Bleeding #Risk #Preoperative #Perioperative #Procedures #Table #Stratification #Surgery
