Classification of Pelvic Ring Fractures: Mechanisms, Clinical Features and Complications
• Anterior Posterior Compression (APC) - Direct/indirect AP force causing diastasis of pubic symphysis (i.e. MVC, cyclist)
- APC Grade 1 - Pubic symphysis diastasis < 2.5cm
- APC Grade 2 - Pubic symphysis diastasis >2.5cm. Anterior Sl diastasis, posterior Sl ligaments intact. Disruption of sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments
- APC Grade 3 - APC 2 + disruption of posterior Sl ligaments and possible vascular injury
• Vertical Shear (VS) - Axial shear force - Vertical displacement, anterior & posterior through Sl joint
• Lateral Compression - Lateral compressive force, causing inward rotation of pelvis (i.e. MCV rollover, pedestrian vs auto)
- LC Grade 1 - Sacral compression fracture on the side of trauma with unilateral or bilateral rami fractures
- LC Grade 2 - Rami fracture and ipsilateral posterior ilium fracture dislocation
- LC Grade 3 - Type 1 or 2 injury on the side of trauma + APC on the opposite side of trauma
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