Disorders of Pigmentations - Hypopigmentation and Hyperpigmentation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm HYPOPIGMENTATION Diffuse Congenital - Generalized hypopigmentation of hair, eyes, skin • Phenylketonuria • Albinism • Piebaldism Diffuse Acquired • Vitiligo Localized Congenital • Tuberous sclerosis (white "ash leaf" macules) Localized Acquired • Tinea versicolor (can also be hyperpigmented) • Pityriasis alba • Vitiligo • Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation HYPERPIGMENTATION Diffuse: • Tanning • Adverse cutaneous drug eruption • Addison's disease • Hemochromatosis • Porphyria cutanea tarda Congenital: • Café au lait macules (neurofibromatosis or McCune Albright syndrome) • Congenital melanocytic nevi Acquired: • Freckles (ephelides) • Lentigines • Melasma • Tinea versicolor (more commonly hypopigmented) • Post-Inflammatory hyperpigmentation #Hypopigmentation #Hyperpigmentation #disorders #skin #dermatology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
