Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Neurocardiogenic:
• Vasovagal
• Orthostatic Hypotension
• Autonomic Neuropathy
• Situational (micturition, coughing, defecation)
Respiratory:
• Pulmonary Embolism
• Hypoxia
• Hypercapnia
Other:
• Hypoglycemia
• Anemia
• Medications (CCB, ßB, Nitrates, Diuretics)
• TIA
• Psychiatric
• Intoxication
• Migraine
Cardiac:
- Contractility:
• MI
• DCM
- Afterload:
• Mitral/Aortic Stenosis
• HCM (LVOT)
- Preload:
• Blood Loss/Hypotension
• Mitral Stenosis
• Cardiac Tamponade
• Constrictive Pericarditis
- Tachyarrhythmia:
• VT/VFib
• AFib/AFlutter
• AVNRT/AVRT
- Bradyarrhythmia:
• Sick Sinus Syndrome (SA Node)
• 2nd/3rd degree AV Block
• Pacemaker Malfunction
• Tachy-Brady Syndrome
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