Causes of Hemiplegia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Cerebral Hemisphere (Contralateral motor cortex) • Aphasia • Apraxia • Agnosia • Agraphia • Acalculia • Alexia • Anomia • Anosognosia • Asterognosia • Seizures • Personality Changes • Cognition/Confusion, Dementia • +/- Sensory Loss Contralateral/Sub-Cortical (Corona radiata, Internal Capsule) • May be without sensory loss • May be combined with contralateral sensory loss Brain Stem • Diplopia • Dysarthria • Dysphagia • Ptosis • Decreased Level of Consciousness • Cranial Nerve Palsies • 'Crossed' Sensory Findings: ipsilateral facial and contralateral extremity findings Unilateral Spinal Cord Lesions Above ~C5 • Brown-Sequard Syndrome (sensory loss to pain and temperature contralateral to weakness, vibration and proprioception loss ipsilateral to weakness) #Hemiplegia #Neurology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
