Causes of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) - Acute increase in creatinine by at least 50% Renal Hypoperfusion • Hepatorenal syndromes • Drugs • Emboli Systemic Hypotension • Shock Acute Tubular Necrosis (Epithelial cell casts) • Ischemia (severe hypotension) • Toxins (contrast, aminoglycosides, chemotherapy) • Pigments Tubular Obstruction • Cast nephropathy (multiple myeloma) • Urate crystals • Calcium Oxalate (Ethylene glycol) TTP/HUS • Shiga-like toxin (E. coli) • Drugs • HIV • Malignancy Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis • Anti-GBM antibodies • Immune-complex deposition (IgA, post-strep, lupus) • Pauci-immune (Granulomatosis with polyangiitis /microscopic polyangiitis) Acute Interstitial Nephritis • Drugs (NSAlDs, Abx, allopurinol, PPI) • Infections (CMV, strep, legionella) • Immune (lupus, sarcoid, Sjögren) Post-Renal (Obstruction/hydronephrosis on UIS) • Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia • Constipation • Prostate Cancer • Urolithiasis #AKI #Acute #KidneyInjury #Nephrology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
