Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM) Hypertensive urgency or emergency (any visit), Hypertension with end-organ damage or DM (visit 2), Diagnosis based on repeat clinic visits, Ambulatory blood pressure monitor, Self/Home pressure monitoring (visit 3+) Consider secondary HTN • Onset <20yo, >50yo • NO FHx • Hypertensive urgency • Refractory hypertension (multi-drug resistance) Renal Parenchymal Diseases • Glomerulonephritis • Nephritic syndrome • AKI/CKD Mineralocorticoid Excess: • Conn's syndrome • NSAlDs • Licorice • Liddle's syndrome • Bilateral RAS Vasoconstrictors: • Sympathetic nervous system (ie. cocaine, pheochromocytoma) • Steroids (Cushing's, exogenous steroids) • Renin-Angiotensin stimulation (OCP) • Alcohol abuse/ withdrawal Anatomic Causes: • Aortic coarctation • Unilateral RAS Metabolic Causes: • Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia • Pheochromocytoma #Hypertension #HTN #Secondary #Nephrology #Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
