Causes of Extravascular and Intravascular Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extravascular - Spleen and RES-mediated hemolysis
- Immune-Mediated
• Warm AIHA
• Cold AIHA
• Alloimmune delayed HTR
• Drug-induced AIHA
- Abnormal Hgb & Hgb Defects
• Thalassemia
• Sickle cell
• Unstable Hgb
- Membrane Defects
• Hereditary spherocytosis
• Hereditary elliptocytosis
- RBC Enzyme Defects
• G6PD deficiency
• PK deficiency
Intravascular - Hemolysis within circulation
- Infections
• Malaria
• Babesiosis
• C. perfringens
- Complement-Mediated
• Cold AIHA
• PCH
• PNH
• Drug-induced immune-complex hemolytic anemia
• Acute HTR
- Mechanical Shearing
• MAHA (TTP, DIC, HUS)
• Prosthetic heart valves
• Atriovenous malformations
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