Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
• Effusion
• Cardiac Tamponade*
• Constriction
Myocardial
• Systolic Dysfunction
• Diastolic Dysfunction
• Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
Valvular
• Stenosis
• Regurgitation
• Sub-Valvular Disease
Coronary Artery Disease
• Stable Angina
• Acute Coronary Syndrome*
Arrhythmia
• Atrial Fibrillation
• Bradyarrhythmia
• Tachyarrhythmia
Airway Obstruction
• Asthma
• COPD
• Bronchiectasis
Pleural Abnormalities
• Pleural Effusions
• Pleural Thickening/Masses
Chest Wall Abnormalities
• Neuromuscular Weakness
• Kyphoscoliosis
• Abdominal Distention
Pulmonary Alveoli
• Pneumonia
• ARDS
• COPD
• Neoplasm
Pulmonary Interstitium
• ILD
• CHF
• Sarcoidosis
Pulmonary Vessels
• Pulmonary Embolism*
• Pulmonary Hypertension
Pulmonary - Other
• Anemia
• Anxiety
• Deconditioning
• Hyperthyroidism
• Metabolic Acidosis
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