Orthopedic Fracture Classification - Pelvic and Lower Limbs
Letournel Classification Acetabular Fractures:
• Simple Types: Anterior column, Anterior wall, Posterior column, Posterior wall, Transverse
• Associated Types: T.type, Transverse + posterior wall, Posterior column + posterior wall, Anterior + posterior hemitransverse, Both columns
Pipkin Classification of Femoral Head Fracture:
• Type I - Below fovea/ligamentum (small)
• Type II - Above fovea/ ligamentum (larger)
• Type Ill - Type I or II with associated femoral neck (high risk of AVN)
• Type IV - Type I or II with associated acetabular
Garden Classification of Femoral Neck:
• Garden I - Fracture incomplete and minimally displaced
• Garden II - Fracture complete and nondisplaced
• Garden Ill - Fracture complete and partially displaced
• Garden IV - Fracture complete displaced with no engagement of the 2 principal fragment
Evan Classification of Intertrochanteric Fracture:
• Evan I - Undisplaced 2 parts fracture
• Evan 2 - Displaced 2 parts fracture
• Evan 3 - Displaced 3 parts fracture with posteromedial comminution
• Evan 4 - Displaced 3 parts fracture with large posteromedial comminuted fragment
• Evan 5 - Displaced 4 parts fracture with comminution involving both trochanters
Russel Taylor Classification of Subtrochanteric Fractures:
• Type IA, Type IB, Type IIA, Type IIB
Winquist Classification of Femoral Shaft Fracture:
• Type I. Tiny cortical fragment
• Type II. Butterfly fragment is large but there is still 50% of cortical intact between the main fragments
• Type III. Butterfly fragment involves more than 50% of the bone width
• Type IV. Segmental fractures
Schatzker Classification of Tibia Plateau Fractures:
• Type I: Lateral tibial plateau w/o depression
• Type II: Lateral tibial plateau with depression
• Type Ill: Focal depression with no associated split
• Type IV: Medial tibial plateau, with or without depression
• Type V: Bicondylar tibial plateau
• Type VI: Tibial plateau fracture with diaphyseal discontinuity
Sanders Classification of Calcaneal Fractures:
I - Non-displaced (displacement < 2 mm).
II - Single intrarticular fracture that divides the calcaneus into 2 pieces.
IIA - Occurs on lateral aspect of calcaneus.
IIB - Occurs on central aspect of calcaneus.
IIC - Occurs on medial aspect of calcaneus.
III Consist of 2 intrarticular fractures that divide the calcaneus into 3 articular pieces.
IIIAB - 2 lines are present, 1 lateral and 1 central.
IIIAC - 2 lines are present, 1 lateral and 1 medial.
IIIBC - 2 lines are present, 1 central and 1 medial.
IV - Consist of fracture with more than 3 intraarticular fractures.
Lisfranc Classification of Tarsometatarsal Injury:
• Homolateral
• Isolated
• Divergent
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