Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia
 β€’ SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate
 β€’ Patiromer (veltassa)
 β€’
Potassium Binders ... for Management ... #Binders #Management ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #nephrology
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia
Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma):
 β€’ Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... nonspecifically binds ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... treated with IV potassium ... from other causes ... consumption β€’ Low ... #nephrology #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
Hypokalemia - Differential ... type 4) - Salt wasting ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... Classification #Causes
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... Cerebral Salt Wasting ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 β€’ Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low ... K/creatinine (Cr ... confirmed via genetic testing ... correcting serum potassium
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE
Drug Induced Lupus (DIL):
 β€’ Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
in >90% - Low ... Discontinuation of causal ... 60-80% - Low ... druginduced #lupus #sle #comparison ... #table #rheumatology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 β€’ Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
high WBC count cause ... , Low calcium β€’ ... hydration - Hyperkalemia ... Non calcium phos binders ... TLS #diagnosis #management
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary
Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Citrate in RBCs binds ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... Transfusions #diagnosis #management
Blood Transfusion Reactions

Immune Mediated:
 β€’ Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Citrate in RBCs binds ... products contain potassium ... Hypothermia: Due to low ... false negatives on testing