Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis nephrology treatment differential blood hematology hypokalemia pharmacology product reactions binding hyponatremia hypotonic kdigo low medications physiologic sodium transfusion transfusions
Potassium-Binding Agents to Treat Hyperkalemia Sodium zirconium cyclosilicate (Lokelma): • Mechanism: Preferentially captures K in exchange for
Potassium-Binding ... patients sensitive to high ... of aspiration #Potassium ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #binders
Potassium Binders for Management of Hyperkalemia • SPS - Sodium polystyrene sulfonate • Patiromer (veltassa) •
Potassium Binders ... for Management ... #Binders #Management ... #pharmacology #table ... #comparison #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management ... Algorithm • IV ... • Consider K+ binder ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... #potassium #high
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... treated with IV potassium ... from other causes ... urinary losses: • High ... #diagnosis #Algorithm
Hyperkalemia Management Algorithm • Treat the cause & optimize hemodynamics and ventilation • Reconsider treatment leadingto
Hyperkalemia Management ... Algorithm • Treat ... the cause & optimize ... #Management #Algorithm ... #high
KDIGO Treatment algorithm for management of acute hyperkalemia in the emergency department • Place on cardiac
for management ... • Consider K+ binder ... #management #algorithm ... #treatment #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based algorithm ... diuresis can be high ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... differential #diagnosis #table
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. ***Typical presentations: • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... urine Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... confirmed via genetic testing ... correcting serum potassium ... continued in most cases
Blood Product Transfusions One Pager Summary Type and screen - determines blood type and detects in recipient
High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Citrate in RBCs binds ... products contain potassium ... Transfusions #diagnosis #management
Blood Transfusion Reactions Immune Mediated: • Febrile Non-Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (FNHTR): Most common immune reaction to transfusion.
High mortality. ... Hypocalcemia, Hyperkalemia ... Citrate in RBCs binds ... products contain potassium ... false negatives on testing
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