Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief πŸ‡΅πŸ‡­ πŸ‡ΊπŸ‡Έ - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
/nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... #Syndrome #Comparison ... #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Differentiation Between Nephrotic Syndrome and Nephritic Syndrome 
== Nephrotic Syndrome ==
Onset - Insidious 
Edema - ++++
Blood
Syndrome and Nephritic ... Syndrome == Nephrotic ... #Syndrome #Nephritic ... #Comparison #Table ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
and concentrated urine ... syndrome ("Maltese ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential #Microscopy ... #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Summary of characteristic abnormalities of selected glomerular diseases
Light Microscopy (LM) - Immunofluorescence Microscopy (IM) - Electron
EM) Haematuria/nephritis ... Nephrotic syndrome ... glomerular #diseases #nephrology ... #pathology #comparison ... #table #diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... microscopy / urinary ... osmolarity If cause ... β€’ Interstitial nephritis ... #nephrology #causes
Urine Microscopy - Casts
Acellular Casts
 β€’ Hyaline Casts - Consists of only precipitated Tamm-Horsfell protein without
Urine Microscopy ... suggestive of nephrotic ... #Urine #Microscopy ... #nephrology #interpretation ... #diagnosis
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Syndrome ... Cirrhosis β€’ Nephrotic ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
hemolytic-uremic syndrome ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... urine sediment ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... #syndrome #nephrology
Staphylococcus-associated GlomeruloNephritis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
CLINICAL
 β€’ Nephritic syndrome (Casts)
 β€’ Marked proteinuria (may be
CLINICAL β€’ Nephritic ... syndrome (Casts ... proteinuria (may be nephrotic ... deposits common TREATMENT ... GlomeruloNephritis #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis ... Measure urine osmolality ... the underlying cause ... demyelination syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium