Dr. Gerald Diaz @GeraldMD
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Board Certified Internal Medicine Hospitalist, GrepMed Editor in Chief 🇵🇭 🇺🇸 - Sign up for an account to like, bookmark and upload images to contribute to our community platform. Follow us on IG: https://www.instagram.com/grepmed/ | Twitter: https://twitter.com/grepmeded/
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diagnosis differential management hypokalemia nephrology workup acls adult aha2020 cardiacarrest lifesupport potassium aafp acute aki b12 circular cobalamin comparison deficiency
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Poor Intake - Starvation - Anorexia GI Losses - Vomiting / NG
and 2, but not type ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Potassium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... potassium #nephrology #low
Hypoxia and Hypoxemia - Overview Hypoxia - insufficient oxygen delivered to tissues to meet demands Hypoxemia - low
demands Hypoxemia - low ... blood (most common type ... the most common type ... ANEMIC HYPOXIA ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Algorithm for the evaluation of macrocytic anemia. (RBC = red blood cell; MMA = methylmalonic acid.) Physicians
Algorithm for the ... evaluation of macrocytic ... the most likely cause ... recovery also causes ... #Homocysteine #Algorithm
Simplified Approach to Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) 1) IS THIS AN EMERGENCY? Is there a dialysis indication
e.g AEIOU ) or anuria ... urgent nephrology evaluation ... : Hypovolemia, Low ... PROBLEM ~80% of AKI cases ... CONSIDER INTRINSIC CAUSES
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Low intake • poor oral intake Renal loss • Medication • Hypomagnesemia •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Low intake ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Classification
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism Decreased GI Uptake - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... Differential #Diagnosis #Low ... #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Vitamin B12 (Cobalamin) Deficiency Etiology: • Vit B12 - aka cobalamin. Present in foods derived from animal
• Common Causes ... wt loss • If anemia ... total body stores Evaluation ... leukopenia and/or low ... pit, low retic
Drug Induced Lupus vs SLE Drug Induced Lupus (DIL): • Epidemiology: -10% of all lupus cases, drug-dependent,
10% of all lupus cases ... in >90% - Low ... Discontinuation of causal ... Positive in 60-80% of cases ... sle #comparison #table
Type 2 Diabetes - Screening, Diagnosis and Management Algorithm Lifestyle Modifications (Diet and Exercise) -> Start
Type 2 Diabetes ... and Management Algorithm ... • Secondary Causes ... Targets #Management #algorithm ... #DM2 #DMII #Classification
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