The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Inflammatory Cascade: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Continued Innate Immunity
 • Phagocytosis: (main mechanism) neutrophils and macrophages engulf
Inflammatory Cascade ... destruction), promote inflammation ... cell activity #Inflammatory ... #Cascade #Inflammation ... pathophysiology #immunology
Anaphylaxis: Pathogenesis
Anaphylaxis is a Type 1 hypersensitivity reaction
While the primary mechanism of anaphylaxis is mast cell
production of inflammatory ... Recruitment of inflammatory ... pathophysiology #immunology
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms
Anaphylaxis: when any egg of three conditions is met:
1. Acute onset of skin/mucosal
Anaphylaxis: Signs and Symptoms ... Rapid onset of symptoms ... • skin/mucosal symptoms ... Signs / Symptoms ... pathophysiology #immunology
Lupus (SLE): Mucocutaneous Manifestations

 • Langerhan cells and keratinocytes release cytokines -> localized inflammatory response ->
cytokines -> localized inflammatory ... scaling that extend inflammation ... -> Incr local inflammation ... follicles due to inflammation ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Mastoiditis: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Acute or Chronic Otitis Media -> 
Stage 1: Hyperemeia of the mastoid
mastoid air cells (inflammation ... mucosa leads to inflammation ... mastoid air cells (inflammation ... : Extension of inflammatory ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Type IV Hypersensitivity: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Definition: Unique because it is entirely T-Cell mediated; exposure to
cells or CTLs -> Inflammation ... HypersensitivityReaction #Allergy #Immunology
Adhesive Capsulitis (Frozen Shoulder) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

 • Primary (Idiopathic): Unknown etiology, but associated
shoulder joint inflammation ... as post-inflammatory ... shoulder joint inflammation ... stop, but post-inflammatory ... pathophysiology #diagnosis #symptoms
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA): Extra-articular manifestations
Skin: 
 • Inflammation of skin (esp. over areas of stress) forms
manifestations Skin: • Inflammation ... Eyes: • Globe inflammation ... audible Lungs: • Inflammation ... on CXR • RA inflammation ... pathophysiology #signs #symptoms
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
Panopthalmitis: inflammation ... Endopthalmitis: inflammation ... ) -> Localized inflammation ... Induration, Warmth • Inflammation ... diagnosis #signs #symptoms
Distinguishing between Inflammatory and Degenerative joint disease
Inflammatory Joint Disease
 • Swelling stimulates joint nociceptors -> Pain
Distinguishing between Inflammatory ... joint disease Inflammatory ... Swollen Joints • Inflammation ... mild synovial inflammation ... by movement #Inflammatory