The Calgary Guide to Understanding Disease @TheCalgaryGuide
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Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... Pseudo-hypopyon • Secondary ... glaucoma • Strabismus ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Diabetic Retinopathy: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Mild Non-proliferative DR
 • Outpouchings of the weakened capillary walls or
Diabetic Retinopathy ... #Retinopathy #Diabetes ... #ophthalmology ... #diagnosis #complications ... #pathophysiology
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
OPHTHALMIC EMERGENCY: Early detection is essential, but most patients
Acute Closed Angle Glaucoma ... present with early glaucoma ... Signs / Symptoms / Complications ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Secondary Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Open-Angle Secondary Glaucoma:
 • Pre-trabecular defect -> Aqueous outflow is obstructed
Secondary Glaucoma ... Findings Open-Angle Secondary ... Glaucoma: • Pre-trabecular ... #Glaucoma #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Cataract: Pathogenesis and clinical findings

Increased Age (most common) -> Ultraviolet light, radiation, toxins ->Denaturation and abnormal
meshwork contact -> Secondary ... angle closure glaucoma ... #cataracts #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Risk factors -> Incr IOP, Incr age, African-American
Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma ... family history, diabetes ... central vision #Secondary ... #pathophysiology ... #ophthalmology