Ravi Singh K @rav7ks
1.2M 757 370
Academic Hospitalist and Associate Program Director @SinaiBmoreIMRes, Medicine clerkship director GW School of Medicine and Health Sciences RMC at Sinai, Hopkins Medicine Clerkship Site Director, Clinical reasoning,Simulation and POCUS enthusiast - https://twitter.com/rav7ks
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Refeeding Syndrome Overview

What Is It?
	• Electrolyte/fluid shifts caused by initiation of nutrition in severely malnourished patient.
initiation of nutrition ... changes and may cause ... , K, Mg2+) • Slow ... Refeeding #Syndrome #Nutrition ... Differential #Diagnosis #Pathophysiology
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
Low Alkaline Phosphatase ... Most cases diagnosed ... nephrocalcinosis • CPPD ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... Phosphatase: • Other causes
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Cardiovascular Causes ... fast - Too slow ... Tamponade Pulmonary Causes ... - Asthma - COPD ... syndrome Other Causes
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cause - Decreased ... Intake: • Low ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Pathophysiology
Thiamine Deficiency - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Clinical Manifestations

Causes of Thiamine Deficiency:
 • Poor intake:
	- Diets
Manifestations Causes ... rice, Cereals • Low ... contraction, blood flow ... syndromes #beriberi #nutrition ... #pathophysiology
Causes of Petechial Rash - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Pinpoint areas (less than 2 mm) of hemorrhage, which
Causes of Petechial ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Amyloidosis - Nutritional ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #dermatology
Hypophosphatemia and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology

↓ Phosphate leads to ↓ red cell 2,3-DPG and a  reduction
and Hypoxia - Pathophysiology ... weakness (defined as low ... inspiratory pressure or low ... Phosphate is a cause ... respiratory #hypoxia #pathophysiology
Uncommon Causes of Noncardiogenic Pulmonary Edema (NCPE) - Differential Diagnosis Framework

High Altitude Pulmonary Edema:
 • Accumulation
Tachypnea, - Low-grade ... epilepticus • Pathophysiology ... Pulmonary Edema: • Pathophysiology ... The predominant pathophysiologic ... • Pathophysiology
Scurvy (Vitamin C Deficiency) - Diagnosis and Management

Vitamin C is required for hydroxylation of proline residues
persons with poor nutrition ... , or any other cause ... weeks #Scurvy #Pathophysiology ... #AscorbicAcid #Pathophysiology ... #Nutrition #Diagnosis
Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDS)

What?
Myelodysplastic syndromes are a group of disorders caused by blood cells that are poorly
group of disorders caused ... age • 22 and 45 cases ... skin that are caused ... Out Secondary Causes ... Platelet Disorders • Nutritional