9 results
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Examination: • UMN signs ... Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... Signs and symptoms
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) Summary
ALS: combination of the clinical examination finding of amyotrophy with the pathologic
of UMN and LMN signs ... (3) primary lateral ... of UMN and LMN signs ... both UMN and LMN signs ... EMG: LMN Signs in
Primary Adrenal Insufficiency
Addison's Disease - Damage of the adrenal glands with lack of cortisol, androgens and
vomiting • Fatigue Signs ... Cortisol Deficiency: Signs ... Reduced libido • Signs ... Serum cortisol < 3 ... #diagnosis #signs
Hypothyroidism and Hyperthyroidism - Symptoms and Signs
Hypothyroidism:
 - General - From asymptomatic to myxedema coma, “Like
and Signs Hypothyroidism ... • Thinning of lateral ... 1/3 of eye brows ... #Signs #Diagnosis ... #endocrinology
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
Diabetic Ketoacidosis ... Insulin + KCI. 3) ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... pathophysiology #endocrinology ... #diabetes
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
hypertension and signs ... heart failure, neurologic ... renal bruit or signs ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Neurologic disorders
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
findings: • Symptoms ... and signs below ... Tract Lesions: • Bilateral ... , Aspergillus 3. ... disorders #diagnosis #neurology
Cushing's Syndrome - Hypercortisolism - Diagnosis and Clinical Features
1) Skin
 • Thin, easily bruisable skin with
disturbance, psychosis 3) ... abdomen shows bilateral ... ACTH levels 3) ... Hypercortisolism #Diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms #endocrinology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Hyperreflexia develops later ... Diagnostic Criteria ... signs and/or symptoms ... - More than 2/3 ... diagnosis #management #neurology